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网络恐慌:华社假新闻,新西兰枪击视频难逃其咎

Social media is hotbed for horror messages
来源: 大中报 南茜(Nancy Jin)



两周前,在新西兰杀手大开杀戒之际,枪击案现场实况录像在社交媒体迅速传播。随着新西兰基督城市两座清真寺的一名名无辜受害者惨死在枪口之下,粉丝俱乐部爆发出一阵阵欢呼声,令人毛骨悚然,不寒而栗。枪手在众人喝彩之中获得鼓舞,一阵阵欢呼声更是让枪手杀红了眼,疯狂的他把新一轮子弹输入枪膛,更多的无辜者倒在他的枪口之下。

Two weeks ago, New Zealand shooting video went viral on social media sites as the shooter opened fire at worshippers at two mosques in the city of Christchurch, killing innocent people one after another. As a gruesome fan club cheered on in real time, the perpetrator enjoyed the power and fame provided by the online coverage. As the comments and applauds flooded in, the gunman’s action was encouraged, another round of bullets was loaded, and more victims’ lives were lost.



互联网是散布恐怖的温床。今年2月初,一篇慌称加国政府打击华人社区老年人欺诈的假新闻迅速在华人媒体上传播,在华社老人中引发惊恐。 “许多华裔老人们被这个消息吓坏了......渥太华的这一新规一经出台,华裔老人们吃不下,睡不着,许多人不得不放弃了申请。”随着这一假新闻不胫而走,在从温哥华到多伦多的多家媒体网站将其复制并传播。而在一张张华裔老年人的惊慌面孔背后,是假新闻制作者的暗自窃喜。

The internet is the hotbed for horror messages. In early Feb., a fake story claims that Ottawa crack down on OAS fraud in the Chinese community went viral on many Chinese online media sites, spurring horrors among elderly Chinese immigrants. “The elderlies were terrified by the news…. They couldn’t sleep at night and many giving up the application altogether after Ottawa’s new policy.”. The story was quickly spread on the internet, copied and carried by media sites from Vancouver to Toronto. The nightmares suffered by Chinese seniors could bring excitement and joy to the fake newsmaker.



在网上,假新闻比真实信息传播的速度快得多。根据麻省理工学院最近的一项研究,假新闻被转发的可能性比真实新闻高出70%。这些假消息发布者并非那些机器人,而是在键盘上横敲竖打,肆虐散布恐怖和怨恨的男男女女。

Falsehoods travel much faster online than facts. According to a recent MIT study, fake news was 70 percent more likely to be retweeted than the truth. The message distributors were not automatic bots but humans at their keyboards, who feast on the horrors and resentments they are spreading.

但正是那些来自网民和旁观者的评论让肇事者们更为嚣张。出现在这则养老金假新闻称,“那些从两个国家拿钱的人就是应该遭到惩治,他们必须把吞噬的钱还回来!这些喝彩声,叫好声,甚至谴责之声都会给肇事者带来所期待的反应和向往的恐怖氛围。安大略理工大学仇恨,偏见和极端主义研究中心主任芭芭拉•佩里表示:“这些帖子,观点和评论让那些煽风点火的肇事者们的满足之情溢于言表。”

It is the reactions from the commentators and onlookers that motivate the perpetrator. “Those collecting money from both countries deserve punishment and they must pay the money back!” posted the comments to the fake OAS news. The praise expressed, the cheers lauded, and even the condemnation tweeted would bring the attention needed and the chilling effects desired.   “The posts, views, and comments made them feel that they’ve stoked the fire,” said Barbara Perry, the Director of the Centre on Hate, Bias, and Extremism at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology.



恐怖内容所带来的在线效应让效仿者们趋之若鹜。学校枪击案发生后的大量推文评语更是激励效仿者们前赴后继。研究表明,大屠杀的在线报道与下一次枪击事件发生的时间之间存在着密切的联系。显然,随着老人金的假新闻充斥着华人网络媒体,下一个假新闻的出现也就为时不远了。

The online sensation brought by the horror content is the key motivator for copycat actions.  The large volume of tweets over school shootings has elicited more copycats’ responses. Research studies show a strong link between the online coverage of massacre and how soon the next shooting event would occur. Apparently, with the OAS fake story flooding the Chinese online media, it takes no time for the next phony story to appear.

阻止恐怖内容在网络上的传播是非常困难的。这篇有关老人金的假新闻至今尚存于多家网站,而新西兰大屠杀视频在互联网上停留了数小时之久,直到社交媒体公司对其采取了大规模的清理才得以消失。这一清理行动耗资巨大,公司使用了高级搜索算法并聘请语言专家来删除与录像相关的仇恨言论。一名《环球邮报》专栏作家称,要删除它们就像玩“一场无法获胜的Whac-A-Mole游戏”。 “你可以对其进行规管,甚至删除一些内容,但它会这里消失,那里再现。”

It is incredibly difficult to stop the terror from spreading online. The OAS fake news has remained online, while the New Zealand shooting video stayed on the internet for hours before social media companies scrubbed it. It took substantial efforts – including using search algorithms and linguistic expertise – to delete hate speech connected to the shooting. To remove them is like playing “an unwinnable game of Whac-A-Mole,” says a Globe columnist. “You can regulate it, or move some content, but it will show up again.”



而阻止假新闻传播证明更具挑战性,因为它们很具欺骗性,让那些即使在受过教育的人也难辨真假。在《大中报》采取措施核实虚假信息并公布调查报告“《大中报》调查:渥太华开始打击华裔老人金欺诈行为是假新闻”后,这一假新闻似乎才已经停止传播。

To stop fake news from spreading proves more challenging, as they are more difficult to spot, even among educated people. The false OAS story appears to have ceased from spread after Chinese News took steps to verify the false information and published its investigation report:” Has Ottawa launched a crackdown on OAS fraud by immigrants from China?

一位老年读者称:“你们的新闻报道让我们放下了一颗心。”然而,如果新闻业无法在这场反假新闻和网络恐怖的战争中获胜,假新闻和网络恐惧将进一步膨胀,更多人的生命也将遭到涂炭。

Your story has brought us a peaceful mind,” says an elderly reader. However, if journalism cannot win the war against fake news and terror, more suspects will succeed in fueling false and fear, and more people’s lives would be in danger.



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